Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the US, with a 5-year survival rate lower than 5%. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) accounts for >90% cases of pancreatic cancer (link to ACS).
Differentiation between a benign condition of chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer is often difficult, as both conditions may present with the similar symptoms (abdominal pain, weight loss, jaundice) and are not mutually exclusive. Additionally, chronic pancreatitis specimens share many of the histopathological and imaging features of pancreatic cancer both microscopically and during preoperative imaging studies².
Inaccurate diagnosis can lead to major surgery for benign disease or delay of surgery for a potentially curable lesion. Because of these adverse clinical consequences, there is considerable subjectivity in the final call which has been reported to have up to a 20% error rate³∙⁴.